Vertical Proximity Effect

The Complexity of the California Recall Election

Author(s): 
R. Michael Alvarez
Melanie Goodrich
Thad E. Hall
D. Roderick Kiewiet
Sarah M. Sled
Journal: 
PS: Political Science and Politics
pp: 
23-26
Date Published: 
01/01/2009

The October 7, 2003 California Recall Election strained California’s direct democracy. In recent California politics there has not been a statewide election conducted on such short notice; county election officials were informed on July 24 that the election would be held on October 7. Nor has California recently seen a ballot with so many candidates running for a single statewide office. With easy ballot access requirements, Secretary of State Kevin Shelley certified 135 candidates for the official ballot on August 13.

The Complexity of the California Recall Election

Working Paper No.: 
9
Date Published: 
01/01/2009
Author(s): 
R. Michael Alvarez, Caltech
Melanie Goodrich, Caltech
Thad E. Hall, The Century Foundation
D. Roderick Kiewiet, Caltech
Sarah M. Sled, MIT

The October 7, 2003 California Recall Election strained California’s direct democracy. In recent California politics there has not been a statewide election conducted on such short notice; county election officials were informed on July 24 that the election would be held on October 7. Nor has California recently seen a ballot with so many candidates running for a single statewide office. With easy ballot access requirements, Secretary of State Kevin Shelley certified 135 candidates for the official ballot on August 13.

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